EVs and IVs are hidden values that significantly impact a Pokémon's stats. While not explicitly shown in-game, they are crucial for competitive play:
- Individual Values (IVs): These are inherent to each Pokémon, determined when it's generated (caught, hatched). They range from 0 to 31 for each stat, with 31 being perfect. Higher IVs mean higher base stats. You can check a Pokémon's IVs roughly with the help of the IV Judge in the Battle Frontier (post-game).
- Effort Values (EVs): These are gained by defeating specific Pokémon. Each Pokémon gives 1-3 EVs in a particular stat (e.g., defeating a Bidoof gives 1 HP EV). A Pokémon can have a maximum of 510 EVs total, with a maximum of 255 EVs in a single stat (though 252 is the practical maximum for optimal stat distribution). EVs allow you to customize your Pokémon's stat growth. For example, you can train a Garchomp to have 252 Attack EVs and 252 Speed EVs to maximize its offensive potential.
Understanding and manipulating EVs and IVs is essential for creating truly powerful and optimized Pokémon for challenging battles.