After securing the initial outposts, a Stone Talus will emerge. This mini-boss requires a specific strategy. Its weak point is the ore deposit on its back or head. Use Remote Bombs (L + Y) to stun it when it's standing tall or performing an attack. When stunned, rush in and climb onto its body (A button prompt) to attack the ore deposit directly. Link's heavy attacks are effective here.
Alternatively, if you can't get behind it, wait for it to slam its arms down, then attack its arms to stun it. Once stunned, you can climb. Be mindful of its rock throwing attacks; dodge these to avoid heavy damage. Repeat this process until the Stone Talus is defeated. This battle teaches you the importance of exploiting enemy weaknesses and using your Sheikah Slate effectively.