TURBO & NATURALLY ASPIRATED ENGINES

Understand Naturally Aspirated (N/A) and forced induction engines like turbochargers, superchargers, and NOS in Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec.

Naturally Aspirated (N/A) Engines:

N/A stands for Naturally Aspirated. An N/A car draws its intake air under its own power. Most American cars in Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec are N/A, including those with Ram-Air scoops, which do not provide forced induction.

Forced Induction Methods:

Forced induction means a device or devices are used to help the car breathe more air. There are three main kinds:

• Turbocharging: A turbocharger runs off the car's exhaust gases. It spins an internal propeller (impeller) connected to a shaft that turns another impeller. This second impeller compresses the incoming air, which passes through an air filter. Compressing more air into the engine's cylinders allows more fuel to be added (maintaining the air-fuel ratio), increasing the volume of air and fuel per intake stroke and producing more power, potentially matching or exceeding a much larger N/A engine.
• Supercharging: Superchargers function similarly to turbochargers but are driven by an engine belt connected to the crankshaft, rather than exhaust gases.
• NOS (Nitrous Oxide): NOS essentially injects more oxygen (O2) into your intake runner or directly into each cylinder. This allows more fuel to be added, increasing power output.

How More Power is Made:

The way to make more power is to burn more fuel. Some engines achieve this through larger displacement (cubic inches), like Vettes and Vipers. Others use forced induction. By compressing more air into the cylinder, more fuel can be added, increasing the power output.